The EMLc Subcommittee noted that as with treatments for African trypanosomiasis, older drugs are the mainstay of treatment for American trypanosomiasis (Trypanosoma cruzi infection). There is little information on the effectiveness and safety of nifurtimox. The Subcommittee noted a review indicating that the Ministries of Health in Latin America had accepted both agents as specific chemotherapeutic agents for Trypanosoma cruzi infection in adults and children, to eliminate the parasite from those infected and for breaking transmission. The Subcommittee therefore recommended that nifurtimox be endorsed for the EMLc for the treatment of American trypanosomiasis (Trypanosoma cruzi infection). The Subcommittee recognized the need to look at the efficacy and safety of these medicines in children for the next meeting. Also there was a need to develop paediatric-appropriate forms of these medicines.